It is also known as a Reference List, or a List of Works Cited, depending on the style of formatting. To really solidify your understanding of the content and organization of the text, write an outline tracking the points at which new ideas are introduced, as well as the points where these ideas are developed.Ī Bibliography is a list of the books (or other texts) referred to, or cited, in academic texts such as essays, thesis, and research papers, and is usually included at the end of the text.
Draw connections between different ideas, either within the text itself, or to ideas in other texts, or discussions. Make personal notes – write your opinion, your thoughts, and reactions to the information in the text. Note down questions that come to your mind as you read, any confusion, or your agreement or disagreement with ideas in the text. Make a note of any unfamiliar or technical vocabulary. Paraphrase and summarize key information in the margins. Identify and highlight/underline the supporting points or arguments in the body paragraphs, including relevant evidence or examples. Now that you know what the text is about, as well as what information you can expect to encounter, you can read it more deliberately, and pay attention to details that are important and/or interesting. The second read-through of the text is a slower, more thorough reading. 
Write a summary (only a sentence or two) of the topic in your own words, in the margins, or up top near the title. Identify and highlight/underline the main idea. Do this by reading just the first few lines of each paragraph. Use this first read-through to quickly find the focus of the text, i.e. Look for an abstract if there is one, as well as any bold or italicized words and phrases, which might offer further clues about the text’s purpose and intended audience. the author or the publisher, to evaluate its reliability and usefulness. At first glance, make a note of the title of the text, and subheadings, if any, to identify the topic of the text. In this section, you will find some examples of annotated texts.Įxample of an annotated article: Does ‘‘Science’’ Make You Moral?Įxample of an annotated literary text: Annotations on a poem – The Road Not Takenįollow these key steps when annotating any text: You can use annotations to draw your team’s attention towards certain important or interesting information, or even to initiate group discussions on a particular concept, problem, or question.Īnnotating a text involves a ‘close reading’ of it. Annotations are especially useful when you need to work on a shared document. Annotating is an excellent way of actively engaging with a text, by adding your own comments, observations, opinions, questions, associations, or any other reactions you have as you read the text. Annotating is particularly handy when you need to extract important information, such as relevant quotes or statistics. You can also use annotations to build an organized knowledge base, by structuring or categorizing information in an easy-to-access way. When you annotate a text, you clearly identify and distinguish the key points from the supporting details or evidence, which makes it easier to follow the development of ideas and arguments. Thus, it becomes easier and faster to find important information when reviewing. 
Annotating an article lets you become familiar with the location and organization of its content. There are several reasons you should annotate a text. Suggested reading => Top 10 Essay Checker And Corrector Why Is Annotation UsefulĪ well-annotated text can give you a better understanding of complex information. 
Annotations examples how to#
Research students who compile and reference a long list of sources for their thesis will find it useful to know how to annotate a bibliography.Īs a professional, knowing how to annotate will help you easily comprehend and retain any important information from reports or other official documents that you might have to read in the course of your work. To annotate a text, you generally highlight or underline important pieces of information and make notes in the margin. You can annotate different texts.Īs a student, you can annotate articles, essays, or even textbooks. These could be comments, explanations, criticisms, or questions pertaining to whatever text you’re reading. To ‘annotate’ is, simply, to ‘add notes’.
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